Textile intermediate product and method of manufacturing the same



March 4, 1952 v ijss g- 2,587,877

TEXTILE INTERMEDIATE PRODUCT AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME FiledJuly 26, 1949 2 SHEETS-SHEET l 45 IN ve NTo R 60% 8,4, M mun...

March 4, 1952 v MCSSMER 2,587,877

TEXTILE INTERMED IATE PRODUCT AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME FiledJuly 26, 1949 2 SHEETS--SHEET 2 K N/euro R BILUWMM VwaItda-W PatentedMar. 4, 1952 TEXTILE INTERMEDIATE PRODUCT AND 'METHOD QF MANUFACTURINGTHE SAME Viktor Miissmer, Seewalchen-on-the-Attersee, Austria, assignorto Ilenzinger Zellwolleund Papierfabrik Aktiengesellschaft,Lenzing-Agerzell Austri'a Application July 26,, 1949., Serial No.106,897 In Austria. March. 25, 1,949.

11 Claims.

This invention relates to a new textile intermediate product and to a.process for the manufacture thereof.

In order to subject threads and yarns to treatment and furtherworking-up,v they are worked up into particular intermediate products orbrought into intermediate forms, for example wound into spools andbrought into the form of skein or hank; very often in the working up andtreatment, for example bleaching, dyeing, dressing of the threads andyarns, and also in the course of the manufacture of finished: products,such as fabrics of the threads or yarns, multiple re-spooling orre-conversion into the form of hanks or skeins is necessary.

An object of this invention is to provide a new textile intermediateproduct comprising a cable of threads or yarns which may be stored,handled or mechanically, physically or chemically treated and which maybe brokenup at a desired moment into individual threads or bundles ofthreads.

Another object of this invention is to provide a subdivisible threadcable consisting of several hundred to several thousand of parallelindividual threads or yarns of some hundred metres to some thousandmetres. I

Another object of this invention is to provide a process for providing atextile intermediate product resulting in a subdivisible thread cable,allowing a subdivision of said cable into the original thread bundles.

Other objects of this invention will appear as the description proceeds.

The textile intermediate product of the present invention constitutes anindependent product and consists of a cable formed of a very largenumber, for example of from several hundred to several thousand ofparallel individual threads or yarns adhering to one another, while thecable is subdivided into individual threads at least at one end, and onoccasion at both ends, by at least one thread or strip passing throughthe cable in windings transversely to the, longitudinal direction of thecable.

The term individual threads used herein is intended to include bundlesof individual threads,

, such as are produced for example in the production of artificialspinning fibres as a union of the threads coming from a nozzle, and alsoyarns.

According to a preferred form of production of the intermediate productof the invention, two cross-threads or cross strips are disposed at theend of the cable, at a distance from one anotherin: the longitudinaldirection of the cable,

and pass through the cable in different windeven of several kilometres,and in this form, for

example when taken offin zig-zag form or wound on to drums or the like,may be stored and also handled, as well as treated mechanically,physically, or chemically; they may at any desired moment be broken upinto individual threads (or bundles of intermediate threads) by thecrossthreads or cross-strip passing through the end of the cable.

Textile intermediate products according to the invention, namelyindependent, subdivisible thread cables can be produced by first guidingindividual threads (or thread bundles) in the same-direction atdistances from one another and connecting them in this mainly flatlyspread out condition with at least one thread or strip runningtransversely to the direction in which they run, and then guidingtogether the individual threads, together with the cross-thread orcross-threads or cross-strip or cross-strips, to form a thread cable andby the temporary application ofa lateral pressure by a thread guidercausing them to adhere mutually in the thread cable. A particularlyconvenient method, particularly" for producing cables capable of beingbroken up and having two-cross-threads or crossstrips provided at thecable'end, consists in forminga shed of the individual threads andbundles respectively guided at distances from one another, aiter'thestyle of warp threads, twice with a change of the shed, and insertingone crossthread or cross-strip through each doubling after the style ofa weft thread, whereupon the threads are guided together and united toform the thread cable.

A particular advantage of the hereindescribed method resides-in the factthat it can be carried out in a continuous working operation. Thesubdivisible thread cable of the invention can be; thus produceddirectly following the process of production of the individual threads,for example the spinning process. The textile intermediate product ofthe invention, or the process employed for its production, thus gainsparticular importance for artificial spun threads, such as rayon,polymeride or polyamide threads, or the like.

In the production of rayon the coagulated thread bundles drawn off fromthe spinning jets having apertures numbering about 12 to 100, afterstretching, were hitherto either wound on to spools or twisted inspinning centrifuges into the form of so-called cakes, and thereuponsubjected to various after-treatments in the form of spools or cakes. Inthe production of artificial spun threads, in which the spinning iscarried out with nozzles having high aperture numbers of about 1000 to5000 apertures and more, the bundlesof coagulated threads formed at thenozzles (known for the sake of brevity as spinning slivers) are unitedin some manufacturing processes to form a thick thread bundle of severalthousand to over one million deniers and in this form are jointlystretched and then cut up into staple fibres. Such a thread bundle doesnot, however, form an independent intermediate product which can behandled by itself.

In contradistinction thereto, in the production of an independentintermediate product according to the present invention in the formdesired number of approximately equal parts,

and these parts are united with the cross-thread or strip orcross-threads or strips, whereupon they are guided together to form thethreaded cable.

The cross-threads or strips should have a rather greater length than thedistance between the two outermost individual threads or bundles at thepoint of insertion or application of the cross-thread or cross-strip.When closing up the individual threads or bundles of individual threadsto form the cable, the cross-threads or strips will come to lie inirregular windings between the individual threads, so that the cable canbe separated again into the individual threads or individual bundles atthe ends through which. the cross-threads pass.

The thread cable may consist of thread bundles of continuous artificialspun fibres, for example rayon threads. It may, however, also consistsof bundles of twisted artificial fibres, or else of threads and yarns ofnatural fibres, for example of cotton yarns. The novel textileintermediate forms of the thread cable of the invention canadvantageously be employed where a multiplicity of continuous threads(whereby yarns are also to be understood) are to be improvedmechanically, physically, or chemically, for example by stretching,drying with the aid of air, steam, or gases, by Washing, bleaching,dyeing, mercerising, parchmentising, and the like. The divisible threadcable of the invention can be subjected to all these and similartreatments, and then be broken up into individual threads or individualthread bundles, after which the individual threads or thread bundles canbe further worked up, for example twisted, woven, or otherwise convertedinto finished products. For example, in the rayon industry theindividual thread bundles (about 60 threads of a thickness of 2 denierseach thread) may be subdivided in the manner indicated with the aid ofthe cross-threads or strips, united to form the cable, and the lattermay be washed, desulphurised, revived, and for example be taken off, outup into lengths or several hundred or thousand metres. By dividing thecable taken off by means of the cross-threads or strips, the individualthread bundles can then be separated from one another and subjectedseparately to further treatment, for example to twisting.

A thread cable which consists of threads or thread bundles which are ina damp condition may also be taken off without drying and further betreated after storage and transport in the damp condition, so thatintermediate drying is saved. The loose individual threads or bundlesmay also be subjected to the most diverse treatments before being unitedto form the cable and the thread bundles may be united to form thethread cable only after the different treatments or at any rate afterdrying. 1

It is thus visible that the formation and treatment of the thread cableare possible in the most diverse modifications. In order to assist theindividual threads or bundles to adhere to one another to form theclosed cable they may be grouped together either in the natural dampcondition or after artificial damping to form the cable. The threadsmay, however, be provided with a medium which promotes adhesion, forexample with a light coating, before the cable is formed. When treatingthreads of a viscose, for example, the thread bundles or the alreadyclosed cable may be treated with a washing solution, which is producedby diluting a normal spinning viscose with water at a temperature of 40C. in the proportion of 1:10 to 1:20, whereby slight mutual adhesion ofthe threads is obtained.

In weaving, particularly in the production of patterned or multicolourfabrics, it is known to effect the sequence of the threads or threadgroups of a thread layer by crossing them by means of so-called crossbars or cross cords. In this known method of operation the individualthreads or thread groups forming a spread-out thread layer at the warpbeam are kept apart by the cross bars or cross cords. Incontradistinction to the present invention, the known method ofoperation produces no union of individual threads or thread bundles toform a closed thread cable.

The invention will hereinafter be more fully described with reference tothe accompanying drawings, which illustrate various embodiments of thetextile intermediate product of the invention and of apparatus forproducingthe same.

In said drawings:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of one end of the intermediate product of thepresent invention;

Fig. 2 is a cross section along the line 22 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a cross section along the 1ine3-3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 illustrates in cross section, the broken up end of theintermediate product shown in Figs. 1 to 3;

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of one end of a second embodiment ofintermediate product;

areas Fig. 6v is a cross section: along. the line. 6-6 of Fig.

Fig. '7 is a cross section along theline Is- 1 of i 5;

Fig. 8 shows the cross section illustrated in Fig. '7 broken up intoindividual threads or thread bundles;

Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic: side elevation. and

Fig. 10 a diagrammatic top plan view of an apparatus suitable for use inthe. manufacture. of the intermediate productillustrated in Figs. 1 to.3; and

Figs. ll and 12 arerespectiv-elya side elevationv and atop plan view ofan embodiment of apparatus suitable for producing the intermediateproduct illustrated in Figs..5. to. '7.

The intermediate product illustrated in Figs. l'to 3 consists of a cableA, which consists of a very large number of individual thread bundles40. For the sake of clarity only a far smaller number of individual.thread bundles have been assumed in the illustration of this. product,and these have been serially numbered I, 2, 3., 33, 34, 35. Theindividual thread, bundles 4B,.

which in turn consistof a large number of individual threads, forexample 3|) to 50, run parallel to one another and adhere to one another(Fig. 2). At at least one end of the cableA, this end being illustratedin Fig. 1, the cable has two cross-threads 41, 42 passing through it,which run in windings through the cross-section of the cable at adistance a from one another. For the better representation of thisarrangement the cross section in Fig. 3 is shown loosened. The ends 41.,4!" and. 42", 42." respectively project slightly from the cable A, sothat they can easily be grasped for the purpose of separating the cableinto the individual thread bundles. As can be seen from Fig. 3, thepaths of the windings of the cross-threads 4!, 42 through the cable aredifferent, but in such a manner that the windings of the cross-threadswhen the latter are pushed together to the extent of the distance a,supplement one another to form closed loops, and each individual threadbundle 40 is completely embraced by such a loop. The length L of thecable may in theory be of any desired magnitude; in practice greatlengths in particular have been found advantageous, conveniently lengthslying between 500 metres and several kilometers, for example up to 10kilometers. Even in cables of these great lengths there is no specialjoining of the individual threads; on the contrary they merely adheretogether, but with such an adhesive friction that the cable form ismaintained even during various handlings, treatments, or the like.

The cable A can be taken off in zig-zag form, wound on to drums, orotherwise stapled; it can also easily be handled, and subjected tomechanical, physical, or chemical treatment processes. Finally the cablecan also at any time be broken up again into individual thread bundles.For this purpose it is only necessary to pull on the ends 4|, 42' and4|, 42", at the same time trying to bring these ends together. Thecrossthreads 4|, 42 push each other along in the course of the breakingup of the cable. The commencement of the breaking up of the cable canbeseen in Fig. 4.

Instead of the thread-shaped separating member 4|, 42, flat members, forexample strips, may also. be provided. The other end of the cable, whichmay on occasion he as far as 10 kilometres away, may also: have a.similar pair. of. crossthreads: or CROSSJr-StI'iPSL passing. through.it. The

cross-threads: or cross-strips; advantageously have; a colourdifferentfromthatof the. individual. threads 4.0,. so that. the;separation point can be readily recognised.

In. the embodiment: illustrated in Figs. 5 to 7, the: cable A againvconsists of a multiplicity 01.. individual. thread bundles 40", runningparallel to one: another and. adheringto one another- At at least one.of the. ends of the cable a. dividing membelt in, the form of at strip43 is provided... which passes: through. the cable in; windings and isadhesively connected at one. point: to. each of the individual threads.(See the: cross-section shown in. loosened form in Fig. 7..) Theadhesive connection consists of a. sticking connection, the. cross-strip43 for instance a. textile. band being made. adhesive on one side. forinstance. by gum. It is: convenient for the parts of the. adhesiveside.of the strip 43 which. free externally, i. e. the parts of the windingslying free between them-- dividual threads and the free ends 43, 43" ofthe strip,fto be able not to have an adhesive action, in order that thestrip shall not remain suspended elsewhere during manufacture, handling,treatment, or when taking oii the cable. This can be achieved in variousways in the course of the production of the thread cable, and suitablemeasures and means are explained in the description of Figs. 11 and 12.By pulling on the ends 43, 43 in an outward direction the cable can atanytime be broken up into the individual thread bundles (see Fig. 8). Ifdesired the other end of the cable may also be traversed in similarmanner by a strip.

The type and nature of the individual threads or thread bundles of thethread cable of the invention are restricted only by the requirementthat the individual threads must extend throughout the whole length ofthe cable and must have a surface character which ensures adhesion ofone to the other. In addition the adhesive ability may be improved bysuitable measures, such as damping the threads, as already described.

The production of the textile intermediate product of the invention inthe production of artificial spun threads will hereinafter be describedby way of illustration.

Example I In a normal rayon spinning machine 5!, shown in Figs. 9 and10, and having a large number of spinning points 52, the rayon threadbundles I, 2, 34, 35, after leaving the spinning trough to an apparatusb, are passed running parallel to one another over thread guides 54, 55.The apparatus b shown in Figs. 9 and 10 is so equipped that theeven-numbered thread guides 54 and the odd-numbered thread guides 55 canbe alternately raised and lowered. The thread guides 54 and 55 areguided in the frame of the apparatus b in such manner as to bevertically slideable and for example are articulated to twoarmed rockinglevers 56 on the axle of which is mounted a pedal 51. By movement ofthis pedal, once in a clockwise direction and once in an anticlockwisedirection, the thread guides 54 and 55 are alternately raised andlowered and thereby the individual threads I, 2 36,. 31 are twiceshedded with the interposition of a shed. In each of these positions apreferably coloured transverse thread is introduced one close behind theother transversely to. the direction in which the thread bundles run, bymeans of a shuttle 58 i or the like. These cross-threads are cut off bya knife after they have passed through and they run on with the threadbundles. The latter then pass to the apparatus where they are groupedtogether under the pressure of rollers 59 to form the cable A. Thethread cable formed in this manner but remaining subdivided by thetransverse threads can now be subjected to various further treatments,for example stretching, impregnation, and the like, and finally be takenoff, for example in zig-zag form. After attaining the desired length ofcable, the latter is cut through. Shortly before the point of cutting afurther pair of cross-threads may if desired be passed through by meansof the apparatus 1), in which case the subsequent breaking up of thecable into individual thread bundles may also be efiected from the otherend of the cable. These thread bundles may also for example be passeddirectly thereafter to a twisting machine, in order to make cord twinetherefrom.

Example II In a spinning machine having a plurality of spinning points,each' of which carries a nozzle 8| (Figs. 11 and 12) having 2400apertures, the spun slivers issuing from each nozzle, consisting ofindividual filaments of 1.5 denier, are divided by hand into four partsimmediately on leaving the spinning trough, in such a manner that eachspun sliver is first divided into two halves and each half divided intotwo approximately equal parts. As illustrated in Fig. 12, four threadbundles per nozzle are produced thereby, each of which has a total sizeof about 900 denier. The resulting individual thread bundles first runthrough thread guides 62 to an apparatus d and from the latter to anapparatus 0, similar to that illustrated in Figs. 9 and 10, which grouptogether the thread bundles to form the cable A. At a point between theapparatus (1 and c, where the individual thread bundles still lie in ahorizontal plane, but are already as close as possible to one another, astrip A3 of fabric, paper, or thelike which is adhesive on one side isplaced against the thread bundles with the adhesive side against thelatter. This can be effected from above by simply placing the strip onby hand, or else mechanically, for example from below by means of anapparatus .e, which consists of a stamper 65 suitable for carrying andapplying the strip 43, said stamper being guided in the frame of theapparatus in such manner as to be vertically slideable and beingarticulated to the ends of rocking levers G6, the shaft 61 of whichcarries a pedal 88. By depres sion of the pedal 68 the stamper 65 withthe strip 43 lying thereon is raised, and the latter is applied with itsadhesive side against the thread bundles; At the same time a secondstrip can be applied from above, which covers the adhesive parts lyingfree between the thread bundles and the free ends of the strip. Insteadof this intermediate strip, a substance which removes the adhesivebetween the thread bundles and at the ends of the strip may also beapplied,

7 for example by spraying or sprinkling. The cable which is groupedtogether .in the apparatus 0,

- but is kept separated by the cross-strip 43, is

can be worked up directly to form a warp on a warp beam. The warp beamis then used to feed a sizing machine.

What I claim is:

l. A textile intermediate product comprising a multiplicity ofcontinuous parallel textile threads collected to a bundle having theform of a cable and at least one lacing member transversely drawnthrough said cable in a manner to divide said bundle of threads intoparts each comprising a fraction of said continuous parallel threads.

2. A textile intermediate product comprising a multiplicity ofcontinuous parallel'rayon threads collected to a bundle having the formof a cable and at least one lacing member transversely drawn throughsaid cable in a manner to divide said bundle of rayon threads into partseach comprising a fraction of said continuous parallel threads.

3. A textile intermediate product comprising a multiplicity ofcontinuous parallel textile threads collected to a bundle having theform of a cable and at least one lacing member located in the vicinityof at least one end of said cable and transversely drawn through it in amanner to divide said bundle of threads into parts. each comprising afraction of said continuous parallel threads. n 4. A textileintermediate product comprising a multiplicity of continuous paralleltextile threads collected to a bundle having the form of a cable and atleast one adhesive lacing member transversely drawn through said cablein a manner to divide said bundle of threads into parts each comprisinga fraction of said continuous parallel threads. 7 A

5. A textile intermediate product comprising a multiplicity ofcontinuous parallel textile threads collected to a bundle having theform of a cable and at least one tape transversely drawn to said cablein a manner to divide said bundle of threads into parts each comprisinga fraction of said continuous parallel threads.

6. A textile intermediate product comprising a multiplicity ofcontinuous parallel textile threads collected to a bundle having theform of a cable and at least two lacing members located in the vicinityof at least one end of said cable and transversely drawn through saidcable at axially displaced points in such a manner, that said lacingmembers supplement each other to form loops for dividing said bundle ofthreads into parts each comprising a fraction of said continuousparallel threads.

7. A thread bundle having the form of a cable of at least severalhundred threads subdivided by at least one lacing member into parts eachcomprising a fraction of said continuous parallel threads.

8. A rayon thread bundle having the form of a cable comprising amultiplicity of rayon threads as formed by the spinning process andsubdivided by at least one lacing member into parts each comprising afraction of said continuous parallel threads.

9. A method of producing a textile intermediate product which comprisesguiding a multiplicity of mutually spaced apart threads in the samedirection in a spaced out condition, joining 'to said spaced threads atleast one lacing member in the transverse direction of said multiplicityof threads and guiding said threads and said transverse lacing member soas to converge together to form a bundle of the form of a cableconsisting of continuous parallel threads.

10. A method of producing atextile intermediate product which comprisesguiding a multiplicity of mutually spaced apart artificially spunthreads issuing directly from spinning nozzles in the same direction ina spread out condition. joining to said spaced threads at least onelacing member in the transverse direction of said multiplicity ofthreads and guiding said threads and said transverse lacing member so asto converge together to form a bundle of the form of a cable consistingof continuous parallel threads.

11. A method of producing a textile intermediate product which comprisesguiding a multiplicity of mutually spaced apart threads in the samedirection in a spread out condition, shedding said threads to form atleast one shed, passing through said shed at least one lacing member inthe transverse direction of said multiplicity of threads and guidingsaid threads and said transverse lacing member so as to convergetogether to form a bundle of the form of a cable consisting ofcontinuous parallel threads.

VIKTOR MOSSMER.

REFERENCES CITED UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,084,193Berthold Jan. 13, 1914 1,401,520 Clauss Dec. 27, 1921 1,657,254 GegaufJan. 24, 1928 1,774,591 Colman Sept. 2, 1930 1,880,279 Langwieler Nov.3, 1931 1,948,646 Bruenn Feb. 27, 1934 1,949,544 Matson Mar. 6, 19342,008,473 Shephard July 16, 1935 2,011,632 Harris Aug. 20, 19352,117,997 Taylor May 17, 1938 2,167,546 Evans July 25, 1939 2,446,580Garden Aug. 10, 1948 2,461,090 Smith et a1. Feb. 8, 1949

1. A TEXTILE INTERMEDIATE PRODUCT COMPRISING A MULTIPLICITY OFCONTINUOUS PARALLEL TEXTILE THREADS COLLECTED TO A BUNDLE HAVING THEFORM OF A CABLE AND AT LEAST ONE LACING MEMBER TRANSVERSELY DRAWNTHROUGH SAID CABLE IN A MANNER TO DIVIDE SAID BUNDLE OF THREADS INTOPARTS EACH COMPRISING A FRACTION OF SAID CONTINUOUS PARALLEL THREADS.